Read about antibacterial textiles in one article

Read antibacterial textiles in one article: chitin fiber, copper ion fiber, platelet fiber, tea fiber, antibacterial viscose fiber ......

Antibacterial textiles classification  

Why can antibacterial textiles be antibacterial and antibacterial? This begins with the classification of this category of textiles. At present, antibacterial fibers can be broadly divided into two categories: natural antibacterial fibers and artificial antibacterial fibers, that is to say, some textiles come with antibacterial functions, while other textiles are artificially given its antibacterial and antibacterial functions.

●Natural antibacterial fibers

Some natural fibers have antimicrobial function, with strong antimicrobial effect and linear macromolecular structure, such as bamboo fiber, hemp fiber, chitin and chitosan fiber, seaweed fiber, etc.

Bamboo fiber

Bamboo fiber towel

Bamboo fiber can be divided into bamboo fiber and bamboo pulp fiber. Bamboo fiber is made by physical method, using the leaching solution of pure natural substances, through the process of dipping, boiling, softening and other processes to remove lignin and impurities; bamboo pulp fiber is made by chemical method, using alkali hydrolysis and segmented fine bleaching process. The antibacterial property of bamboo fiber is due to the natural antibacterial component "bamboo quinone" contained in the fiber. Most of the bacteria in life are negative, while the quinone in bamboo fiber is positive, when they meet, they will produce yin and yang, and the quinone can also destroy the cell wall of bacteria, so that the bacteria's ability to survive is weakened, thus reducing the number of bacteria.

China was the first country to research bamboo fiber, and its registered trademark is "Tianzhu". During the epidemic, Jilin Chemical Fiber Group, together with the textile enterprises downstream of the industry chain of Tianzhu Alliance, jointly developed and produced a new protective mask, whose filter core layer consists of non-woven fabric and meltblown fabric, and the protective layer is made of bamboo fiber with natural antibacterial properties, which can protect against bacteria, haze, car exhaust, dust, etc.

Hemp fiber

Hemp fibers such as ramie, hemp, hemp, flax, rooibos, etc. have natural antibacterial and antibacterial anti-odor functions. The antibacterial and antibacterial effect of hemp fiber is mainly through two ways: one is the unique fiber pore structure, the second is the antibacterial chemical composition of the fiber.

Hemp fiber contains cannabinol, cannabidiol, tetrahydrocannabinol, cannabinolic acid and some other natural substances, these substances have a significant role in killing and inhibiting a variety of bacteria. Therefore, the textiles made from hemp fibers have moisture absorption, fast drying, anti-mold, anti-bacterial and other effects. In recent years, with the industrialization of Chinese hemp, a number of domestic companies have launched their own Chinese hemp textiles.

Industrial hemp has a three-dimensional microporous structure, large specific surface area, can inhibit the survival of anaerobic bacteria, while containing a large number of phenolic substances, can effectively kill some bacteria and mold. For example, the use of warp and weft color yarn, combined yarn, and small jacquard tissue with, can get double-sided heterogeneous style of fabrics. The fabric has a strong sense of three-dimensionality, rich layers, breathable and heat dissipation, and is suitable for making cool mats, cover blankets and other products.

Chitin and chitosan fiber

Chitin is a natural biopolymer, a kind of positively charged alkaline polysaccharide rare in nature, widely found in the shells of arthropod shrimps and crabs, shells and cartilages of shellfish and mollusks. Chitosan is generated from chitin by removing N-acetyl groups after heating under alkaline conditions and is generally blended with other fibers. Most studies have concluded that the antibacterial property of chitosan is mainly derived from the positively charged substituent amino groups on the molecular chain. Generally, the cells of bacteria are often negatively charged, and the positively charged groups combine with bacterial proteins to modify them and cause bacteria to be flocculated and agglomerated, thus inhibiting their ability to reproduce. Therefore, the textile material obtained by spinning chitosan fiber pure or blending with other fibers has superior antibacterial properties.

Soft kiss brand uses chitosan modified antimicrobial factor (or chitosan fiber) extracted from shrimp and crab shells, which is widely used in women's underwear, baby clothes, military socks, combat boots lining, bedding, mask, diapers, gauze, bandages and other fields. fibers), fused with modern textile technology, to weave natural antibacterial skin care towels.

Seaweed fiber

Seaweed fiber is a recycled biomass fiber made from seaweed, which has a large content in the ocean, and is refined to extract seaweed polysaccharides and then produced through wet spinning deep processing technology. Seaweed fiber contains trace amounts of lactic acid or oligomers, which have antibacterial effects. Taking Staphylococcus aureus as an example, the antibacterial property of seaweed fiber was measured, and it was found that the static bacterial activity value and bactericidal activity value of seaweed fiber were much higher than the qualified value.

Seaweed fiber

It is understood that Qingdao University, after more than ten years of continuous research and development, has overcome a series of key technical problems in the industrial production of seaweed fiber, and realized the automatic and large-scale production of seaweed fiber for textile and garment for the first time in the world. Based on the research results of Qingdao University research team, Yantai Kangkang Textile and Qingdao Yuanhai New Material Technology Co. During the epidemic, Qingdao Yuanhai was brave enough to produce seaweed fiber to provide production raw materials for downstream mask enterprises and help mask enterprises produce anti-mold and anti-bacteria masks. In addition, Weiqiao Textile innovated production and processing technology, solved the key technology of seaweed fiber fabrics such as salt-free and alkali-free dyeing, and developed antibacterial and skin-friendly environmental protection fabrics.

Artificial antibacterial fiber

Artificial antibacterial fibers can be made by adding antibacterial agents to the fibers through co-blending spinning method, compound spinning method, graft modification method, ion exchange method, wet spinning method and finishing method, so that the fibers can obtain antibacterial functions. These antimicrobial agents include natural antimicrobial components extracted from plants, such as natural minerals, metal ions, graphene, etc.

Addition of natural antimicrobial ingredients

In recent years, some plants containing antimicrobial ingredients, such as aloe vera, panax quinquefolium, tea, mugwort and peppermint, have been gradually used to make antimicrobial fibers. For example, Qingdao Bontec Fibers Co., Ltd. takes the root of natural woad (Panax quinquefolium) as raw material, extracts the main active ingredients of it, such as alkaloids, organic acids and various amino acids, etc., makes Panax quinquefolium extract (in powder form), and then ultra-fine powder, made into ultra-fine powder between nanometer and micron level, as antibacterial material to make Panax quinquefolium fiber with antibacterial function. Yibin Huimei Fiber New Material Co., Ltd. extracts a variety of tea polyphenols such as theaflavin, theaflavin and theaflavin from natural tea leaves, and evenly disperses these substances inside textile fibers to prepare tea fibers. Since the active ingredients of tea polyphenols have natural anti-bacterial and anti-odor functions, the fiber and its manufactured products have good anti-bacterial effect. Weiqiao Textile has developed a series of Aiwei antibacterial yarns and fabrics, among which the one that provides antibacterial function is the mugwort antibacterial bamboo fiber. This fiber is a new type of antibacterial fiber made by adding mugwort antibacterial extract to bamboo pulp fiber. Based on the processing of Lyocell fiber, Zimmer, Germany, has developed an active fiber of Seacell by adding very fine seaweed to the spinning solution. The addition of these seaweed substances makes the fiber have good adsorption ability to metal ions, thus making the fiber have good antibacterial function.

Ivy antibacterial series fabrics

In addition, some natural antibacterial substances derived from animals are also used to make antibacterial fibers. For example, the wool protein modified regenerated cellulose fiber developed by Hengtian Hailong is rich in amino acids, which has good skin care performance and long-lasting antibacterial performance. The protein amino acid class in the fiber is the main antibacterial substance, and NH3+ in the protein plays an antibacterial and bactericidal role by affecting nutrient transport and destroying the cell wall. Ltd. adopts potassium persulfate as initiator to trigger the grafting reaction between sodium methacrylsulfonate and chitosan (oligomeric chitosan), and the grafted chitosan has sulfonic acid group, which can react with the hydroxyl group on the fiber to prepare chitosan mucilage antibacterial fiber.

Addition of metal ions

Silver ions have an oxidizing effect and are often used for sterilization in daily life. The positively charged silver ions react with the negatively charged sulfhydryl groups in bacterial proteases, and the proteases are rapidly inactivated by the loss of sulfhydryl groups, resulting in the inability of the bacteria to divide and multiply and be killed. There are two types of silver antibacterial fiber, one is XT2 silver fiber, pure silver added to the core layer of polyester fiber to make a durable anti-odor function of the fiber; the other is magnetron sputtering silver fiber, the use of magnetron sputtering principle to prepare nano-silver particles, and then deposited on the surface of polyester fiber, so that the metal particles and fiber adhesion bond, to get silver fiber. Dow Chemical's SenShield antibacterial technology and Switzerland's HeIQ technology have developed a series of antibacterial fabrics with long-lasting antibacterial, safe and comfortable. The Silver Shield technology uses patented intelligent silver ion controlled release technology to deliver low concentrations of silver ions to the fabric surface and activate them in the presence of harmful bacteria, effectively killing and inhibiting harmful bacteria that can cause odor, rot, decay and discoloration of fabric fibers.

Trace amount of copper ions can attack the cell membrane, nucleic acid and enzyme of bacteria, and destroy the cell protein to cause the bacteria to die or lose the ability to divide and proliferate. The unique masterbatch granulation technology and spinning technology, so that the nano-scale copper ions firmly embedded in polymer matrix, nylon based copper ion antibacterial fiber, giving the fiber "efficient, durable, broad-spectrum" antibacterial, anti-mildew, self-cleaning and other superior performance, the use of blended spinning method to produce copper ion polyester antibacterial filament, antibacterial The antimicrobial particle size is about 200~500nm, with high antimicrobial activity and durability. By modifying the cotton fiber, Weiqiao Textile reduced the cellulose crystallinity of cotton fiber, and then cross-linked the copper ions into the cotton fiber, finally making the cotton fiber with antibacterial function, overturning the limitation that the traditional antibacterial technology is mainly applied in the chemical fiber field.

Zinc is positively charged and bacterial cells are negatively charged, when the two are close, zinc ions will be attracted to the negative charge of bacteria, and then penetrate the bacterial cell wall, the cell wall is destroyed, resulting in the death of bacteria can not reproduce. Sateri uses injection spinning technology to blend zinc-based antimicrobial substances into the spinning solution and produce zinc-based antibacterial regenerated cellulose fibers by wet spinning process. The raw material of this fiber comes from biomass and has the excellent characteristics of cellulose fiber, while using zinc-based ecological antibacterial, the antibacterial effect is long-lasting and deodorizing function. Using the composite spinning method, 40% of Sadly antibacterial fiber, 30% cotton, 30% polyacrylonitrile fiber into antibacterial yarn, the product still has inhibitory effect on bacteria, fungi and other microorganisms, and the yarn strength, defects and hairiness and other indicators of superior performance.

Adding carbon material

Shengquan Group Graphene Mask

Graphene, which is stripped from carbon material, is a two-dimensional crystal composed of carbon atoms with only one or more layers of atomic thickness, possessing very excellent and unique physical and chemical properties. The introduced graphene (biomass) composite polyester fiber is made by co-blending biomass graphene with polymer spinning, which not only has antibacterial function, but also has anti-static, far-infrared and anti-UV properties, and can be applied in underwear, home textile and medical care. During the epidemic, the use of biomass graphene SS composite nonwoven as the skin-friendly layer of the mask can improve the nonwoven's antibacterial and adsorption capacity, allowing for better protection. Tested by authoritative institutions, the disposable biomass graphene masks independently developed and produced by Shengquan Group have passed the FDA certification and gained the access qualification for export to the United States. Functionalized graphene is prepared from natural graphite by a special process, graphene-modified nylon chips are prepared by in-situ polymerization, and then graphene (natural) polyamide 6 fiber is made by melt spinning. The fiber also has antibacterial function and can be used in sportswear, underwear, socks, etc. Not long ago, Changzhou Henglibao and Fujian Yong Rong Jinjiang Co., Ltd. reached an all-round strategic cooperation on graphene polyamide 6 to help transform science and technology into great productivity and apply the new graphene material to the apparel and clothing field more often.

Bamboo charcoal can also be used as antimicrobial material in the development of antimicrobial products by calcining white bamboo charcoal from natural bamboo at a high temperature of over 800℃, then grinding it into ultra-fine nano-powder and integrating it into polyester to produce white bamboo charcoal yarn with antimicrobial effect; then blended and woven with rayon and spandex in a certain proportion to make white bamboo charcoal fabric, which has functions and features such as anti-bacteria and deodorization, negative ions and anti-UV, heat storage and heat preservation, low-carbon and environmental protection. It can be used in underwear, shirts, T-shirts, socks, sports and leisure wear, towels, bedding and other fields. The fabric has been tested to inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus by 99.1% (antibacterial grade A) before washing; it can still inhibit the growth of Candida albicans (64%) and E. coli (97%) after 50 washes.

Sony has made a porous carbon material with a unique microstructure, Triporous?from rice husk. With three different sizes of pores, Triporous? readily adsorbs large molecular substances, such as high molecular weight organic compounds, which are difficult to adsorb with conventional activated carbon, while Triporous? is also capable of adsorbing low molecular weight compounds at high speed. At present, Sony has started to license Triporous to the fiber and apparel industry and will develop products under the trademark Triporous FIBER. It also has antibacterial and antibacterial effects, such as inhibiting bacteria like Moraxella, which are the source of unpleasant odors in semi-dry clothes. Sanyou uses bamboo charcoal as an antibacterial agent in viscose fibers.

Adding natural minerals

Taiji Stone is a natural silica quartz ore, the main component of which is SiO2, rich in titanium, potassium, germanium and other trace metal mineral elements. The taijishi powder is made into dispersed and stable nano taijishi suspension by dispersion coating and other processes, and then the taijishi suspension is spun with cellulose sulfonate solution in a certain ratio through low concentration injection addition technology to prepare mineral taijishi regenerated cellulose fiber with far-infrared, anti-UV, anti-bacteria and other functions, which is widely used in home textile and garment fields, and has been used with Jinba, Jiumuwang, At present, we have cooperated with Jinba, Jiumuwang, Lilang, Luolai, Mengjie, Aimo and other brands to develop downstream products.

Taiji stone cellulose fiber fabric

IR micro-element technology is a composite inorganic antibacterial technology, in natural fibers and yarns, loaded with natural mineral antibacterial elements to achieve antibacterial goals, belongs to the fiber pretreatment technology. Natural fiber itself has the advantages of softness and comfort, durability, breathability, purity, etc. Cotton and other natural yarns treated with IR micro-element technology, the fiber is more soft and comfortable, and cotton products are less likely to be stiff and slatted. Sterilization principle is free sterilization, encountering bacteria can effectively release sterilization, destroy the bacterial cell membrane, cell wall and nucleus, to achieve complete killing of bacteria. Based on this technology, we have developed highly washable cotton antimicrobial products.IR micro-element antimicrobial fabrics are modified by fiber so that the antimicrobial active ingredients penetrate into the cellulose molecules, and then the antimicrobial ingredients are tightly combined in the cellulose molecules through technical methods, making the fabrics have excellent and lasting antimicrobial performance.

Other antimicrobial technologies

Today, more and more research and manufacturing companies are joining in the research and development of antimicrobial fibers and textiles, and they are developing various new antimicrobial technologies to continuously meet consumer demand for antimicrobial and antibacterial properties. Hosu fiber, jointly developed by Tianan Group and the Institute of Microbiology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, is a pure bio-based antibacterial fiber with PHBV as the base material. It takes glucose made from corn starch as the main raw material, and the new fiber is made by mass culturing microorganisms and extracting PHBV, a polyester (similar to mammalian fat) in microorganisms, and then by melt spinning. The antibacterial mechanism is to destroy the harmful